Carl B. Stokes waxaa ugu caansan in uu yahay 51-duuliye Cleveland - oo ah duqaarka ugu horreeya African-American ee magaalada weyn ee Mareykanka. Wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa askari, qareen, xubin ka tirsan Golaha Wakiilada ee Ohio, telefishin, garsoor, aabe, walaalkiis ah Congressman, iyo danjiraha Mareykanka.
Sanadaha Hore
Carl Burton Stokes wuxuu ku dhashay Cleveland 1927-kii wiilkii labaad ee Charles iyo Louise Stokes. Waalidiintiisu waxay ka soo jeedeen Georgia oo waxay waqooyi ku soo jireen "Immigration Great" si loo raadsado fursado bulsho iyo dhaqaale oo wanaagsan.
Aabihiis wuxuu ahaa qalab iyo hooyadiis nadiifinta nadiifinta. Charles Stokes ayaa geeriyooday markii Carl uu ahaa laba sano jir waxaana hooyadeed ay soo korisay labad wiil oo ka tirsan mashruuca guriyeynta Outhwaite Homes on E 69th St.
Ciidanka
Fadlan si uu uga baxsado saboolnimada ilmanimadiisa, Stokes waxaay ka baxday dugsiga sare 1944-kii, waxayna si kooban ugu shaqaysay Teknooloojiyada Thompson (ka dibna wuxuu ahaa TRW). Sanadkii 1945, wuxuu ku biiray ciidanka. Kadib markii uu shaqeynayay 1946, wuxuu ku noqday Cleveland; dhammeeyeen dugsiga sare; iyo, oo ay caawisay GI Bill, ka qalin jabisay Jaamacadda Minnesota iyo kadib markii laga soo qaatay Dugsiga Sharciga Cleveland Marshall.
Nolosha siyaasadeed
Stokes wuxuu bilaabay xirfadiisa siyaasadeed ee xafiiska xeer ilaaliyaha Cleveland. Sanadkii 1962, waxaa loo doortay Golaha Wakiilada Ohio, shaqadii uu ku hayay saddexda shuruudood. Sannadkii 1965, wuxuu ahaa mid cidhiidhi ah oo lagu guuleystay inuu badhasaab ka noqdo Cleveland. Wuxuu mar kale ku orday 1967-dii, isagoo badiyay kaliya (wuxuu haystay 50.5% codadka) Seth Taft, awow u ahaa madaxweyne William H.
Taft. Iyadoo guushii, xilligii awoodda siyaasadeed ee madow ee Maraykanku ka soo jeeday da '.
Duqa Magaalada Madow ee ugu horeeya
Stokes waxay dhaxashay Cleveland oo ciriiri ah, waxaana kudhacday dhamaanba Goobaha Madow (99.5%) oo ku nool dhinaca bari ee Cuyahoga River, dad badan oo ku nool agagaarka xaafadaha da'da weyn.
Stokes waxay kor u qaadday canshuurta dakhliga magaalada waxayna ku guulaysatay oggolaanshaha cod-bixiyayaasha ee dugsiyada, guryaha, maskaxda, iyo mashaariicda kale ee magaalada. Waxa uu sidoo kale abuuray "Cleveland Now!" barnaamij, hay'ad khaas ah oo loo maalgeliyo si ay u caawiso baahiyo ballaaran oo bulshada ka mid ah.
Xiisaddii hore ee maamulkiisa ayaa la jabsaday markii Cleveland (oo badi madow) xaafadda Glenville ay qarxisay rabshadihii 1968-kii markii markii la ogaaday in abaabulayaashii rabshaduhu ay heleen maalgelin ka timid "Cleveland Now!", Deeqaha la qalajiyay iyo "Stokes" . Waxa uu doortay inuusan raadsan xilli saddexaad.
Warfaafiye, Garsoore, Danjire
Kadib markii uu ka tagay xafiiska duqa magaalada ee 1971, Stokes waxay u guurtay New York City, halkaas oo uu noqday kii ugu horreeyay ee Afrikaan ah ee Maraykanku ku yaal magaalada 1972-dii. 1983 wuxuu ku soo noqday Cleveland si uu u noqdo garsooraha degmada, . Sanadkii 1994, madaxweyne Clinton wuxuu u magacaabay danjiraha Mareykanka ee Jamhuuriyadda Seychelles.
Qoyska
Stokes wuxuu guursaday saddex jeer: Shirley Edwards 1958 (1973) iyo Raija Kostadinov (1981) (oo ay is-furteen 1993), mar labaadna wuxuu ahaa 1996-kii. Waxa uu lahaa afar caruur ah - Carl Jr., Cordi, Cordell, iyo Cynthia . Walaalkiis waa horey u ahaan jiray Congressman, Louis Stokes. Xaaskiisa waxaa ka mid ah garsoore Cleveland Angela Stokes iyo wariye u shaqeeya Lori Stokes.
Dhimasho
Carl Stokes waxaa laga helay cudurka kansarka ee hunguriga intii uu ku sugnaa Seychelles. Waxa uu ku soo laabtay xerada Cleveland Clinic, halkaas oo uu geeriyooday sannadkii 1996-kii. Waxa lagu aasay hudheelka Cleveland ee Lake View xabaalaha , halkaas oo calaamad wayn oo ku taala "Safiirka Carl B. Stokes," shaqo uu ku faano. Mid kasta oo Juun 21 jir ah sannadguuradii dhalashadiisa, koox ka mid ah Clevelanders ayaa u dabaal-dagay noloshiisa goobta meeraha.
> Isha
> Carl B. Stokes iyo Awooda Siyaasadeed ee Black Siyaasadeed , Leonard N. Moore; Jaamacadda Illinois Press; 2002
Encyclopedia of Cleveland History , oo la sameeyay oo lagu qoray David D. Tassel iyo John J. Grabowski; Jaamacadda Indiana Press; 1987; bogga 670
> Ballanqaadka Awoodda: Qoraal Siyaasadeed Siyaasadeed , Carl B. Stokes; Simon iyo Schuster; 1973